Analysis of Types and Applications of Insulators

2025-04-30 13:16:19

1、 Core types and characteristics

1. Ceramic insulators

-Material: High strength ceramic, strong weather resistance, mechanical load up to 70kN.

-Application: Traditional transmission lines (such as 220kV towers), substation pillars (GW4 isolating switches). 

2. Composite insulators

-Advantages: Silicone rubber umbrella skirt anti fouling flash, 60% lighter weight, suitable for high-altitude/coastal areas.   

-Case: The Qinghai Tibet Plateau ultra-high voltage transmission line has a creepage distance of ≥ 54mm/kV.   

3. Glass insulators

-Features: zero aging, self explosion warning, preferred for European HVDC projects (such as 420kV Manchester line).   

4. Rod shaped insulator

-High voltage dedicated: ± 1100kV engineering pillar (Changji Guquan project), with a load-bearing capacity of over 10 tons.   

2、 Typical application scenarios

1. Transmission lines

-Suspension insulator string: 110kV+line lightning protection (Jindongnan Jingmen project).   

-Rod shaped pillar: The converter station supports ± 800kV equipment (Longdong Shandong project).   

2. New energy system

-Offshore wind farm: IP68 composite insulators resistant to salt spray (North Sea wind farm in Germany).   

-Photovoltaic DC: Insulators that can withstand 1500V DC to reduce losses.   

3. Industry and Transportation

-Railway overhead contact system: 25kV composite insulator anti vibration (Beijing Shanghai high-speed railway).   

-Chemical explosion-proof: Epoxy resin insulators are corrosion-resistant.   

3、 Key selection points

Voltage level: 10kV ceramic insulator, 500kV+composite/rod shaped.   

Environmental adaptation: Lightweight silicone for high altitudes and anti salt spray coating for coastal areas.   

Cost control: Select composite insulators for rural power grids (30% lower price).